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A Short Note on the Petroleum Potential of the Sokoto Basin in North-western Nigeria

Received: 12 February 2020     Accepted: 27 February 2020     Published: 18 March 2020
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Abstract

The stratigraphy of the Sokoto Basin has the Illo/Gundumi Formation at the bottom, followed successively upward by the Taloka, Dukamaje, Wurno, Dange, Kalambaina, Gamba and GwanduFormations. Re-mapping of the basin carried out in this studyshows that the geological framework remainslargely as previously outlined except that some hitherto unreported tectonically controlled structures have been documented. The basin is generally shallower at the margin and deepens towards the centre such that the areas around the border with Niger Republic are deepest and hence most prospective on the Nigerian side. Geophysical aeromagnetic interpretation has assistedto analyze the depth to basement configurations. Organic geochemical studies show that the dark shales and limestones of the Dukamaje Formation constitute the source rocks in the potential petroleum system. With averages for source rock thickness of 50m, area of basin of 60,000km2, TOC of 7.5wt%, and HI of 212mgHC/gTOC, charge modeling indicates 808.10 million barrels of oil equivalent extractable hydrocarbons in the Sokoto Basin, at current knowledge of the geology and if the appropriate maturity has been attained at deeper sections. The sandstones of the Illo/Gundumi Formation as well as in the Taloka and Wurno Formations and carbonates of the Kalambaina Formation provide potential reservoir packages. The paper shale of the Gamba Formation and the clays of the Gwandu Formation provide regional seals. If the presently mapped tectonic structures are ubiquitous in the whole basin, structural and stratigraphic traps may upgrade the petroleum system. Other petroleum systems may exist in the basin with either or both the Illo/Gundumi and Taloka Formation (s) providing the source and reservoir rocks.

Published in Petroleum Science and Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14
Page(s) 34-38
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sokoto Basin, Dukamaje Formation, Hydrocarbons, Petroleum System, Reservoirs

References
[1] Schull, T. J. (1988). Rift basins of interior Sudan: petroleum exploration and discovery. AAPG Bulletin, 72: 1128-1142.
[2] Whiteman, A. (1982). Nigeria: Its Petroleum Geology, Resources and Potential. Graham and Trotman, London, 381pp.
[3] Zanguina, M., Bruneton A. and Gonnard, R. (1998). An introduction to the petroleum geology of Niger. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 21: 83-103.
[4] Obaje, N. G. (1987). Foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the Sokoto Basin of NW Nigeria. M. Sc Thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 76pp.
[5] Obaje, N. G. (2009). Geology and Mineral Resources of Nigeria. Springer, Heildelberg, 221pp.
[6] Obaje, N. G., Wehner, H., Scheeder, G., Abubakar, M. B. and Jauro, A. (2004). Hydrocarbon prospectivity of Nigeria’s inland basins: from the viewpoint of organic geochemistry and organic petrology. AAPG Bulletin, 87: 325–353.
[7] Adeleye, D. R. (1975). Nigerian Late Cretaceous stratigraphy and paleogeography. AAPG Bulletin, 59: 2302-2313.
[8] Kogbe, C. A. (1981). Cretaceous and Tertiary of the Iullemmeden Basin of Nigeria (West Africa). Cretaceous Research, 2: 129-186.
[9] Kogbe, C. A. (1979). Geology of the South-eastern (Sokoto) Sector of the lullemmeden Basin. Dept. of Geology, Ahmadu Bello. University Zaria Bulletin, 32: 1-142.
[10] Petters. S. W. (1982). Central West African Cretaceous-Tertiary benthic foraminifera and stratigraphy. Palaeontographica, Abt. A 179: 1-104.
[11] Obaje, N. G., Aduku, M., and Yusuf, I. (2013). The Sokoto Basin of Northwestern Nigeria: A preliminary assessment of the hydrocarbon prospectivity. Petroleum Technology Development Journal, 3 (2): 71-86.
[12] Peters, K. E. (1986). Guidelines for evaluating petroleum source rocks using programmed pyrolysis. AAPG Bulletin 70, 318–329.
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    Nuhu George Obaje, Umar Zaki Faruq, Abdullahi Bomai, Sunday Dabai Moses, Mohammed Ali, et al. (2020). A Short Note on the Petroleum Potential of the Sokoto Basin in North-western Nigeria. Petroleum Science and Engineering, 4(1), 34-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14

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    ACS Style

    Nuhu George Obaje; Umar Zaki Faruq; Abdullahi Bomai; Sunday Dabai Moses; Mohammed Ali, et al. A Short Note on the Petroleum Potential of the Sokoto Basin in North-western Nigeria. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2020, 4(1), 34-38. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14

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    AMA Style

    Nuhu George Obaje, Umar Zaki Faruq, Abdullahi Bomai, Sunday Dabai Moses, Mohammed Ali, et al. A Short Note on the Petroleum Potential of the Sokoto Basin in North-western Nigeria. Pet Sci Eng. 2020;4(1):34-38. doi: 10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14,
      author = {Nuhu George Obaje and Umar Zaki Faruq and Abdullahi Bomai and Sunday Dabai Moses and Mohammed Ali and Suleiman Adamu and Alfred Essien and Umar Lamorde and Umar Mohammed Umar and Toochukwu Ozoji and Perpertua Okonkwo and Lukman Adamu and Abdullahi Idris-Nda},
      title = {A Short Note on the Petroleum Potential of the Sokoto Basin in North-western Nigeria},
      journal = {Petroleum Science and Engineering},
      volume = {4},
      number = {1},
      pages = {34-38},
      doi = {10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.pse.20200401.14},
      abstract = {The stratigraphy of the Sokoto Basin has the Illo/Gundumi Formation at the bottom, followed successively upward by the Taloka, Dukamaje, Wurno, Dange, Kalambaina, Gamba and GwanduFormations. Re-mapping of the basin carried out in this studyshows that the geological framework remainslargely as previously outlined except that some hitherto unreported tectonically controlled structures have been documented. The basin is generally shallower at the margin and deepens towards the centre such that the areas around the border with Niger Republic are deepest and hence most prospective on the Nigerian side. Geophysical aeromagnetic interpretation has assistedto analyze the depth to basement configurations. Organic geochemical studies show that the dark shales and limestones of the Dukamaje Formation constitute the source rocks in the potential petroleum system. With averages for source rock thickness of 50m, area of basin of 60,000km2, TOC of 7.5wt%, and HI of 212mgHC/gTOC, charge modeling indicates 808.10 million barrels of oil equivalent extractable hydrocarbons in the Sokoto Basin, at current knowledge of the geology and if the appropriate maturity has been attained at deeper sections. The sandstones of the Illo/Gundumi Formation as well as in the Taloka and Wurno Formations and carbonates of the Kalambaina Formation provide potential reservoir packages. The paper shale of the Gamba Formation and the clays of the Gwandu Formation provide regional seals. If the presently mapped tectonic structures are ubiquitous in the whole basin, structural and stratigraphic traps may upgrade the petroleum system. Other petroleum systems may exist in the basin with either or both the Illo/Gundumi and Taloka Formation (s) providing the source and reservoir rocks.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    T1  - A Short Note on the Petroleum Potential of the Sokoto Basin in North-western Nigeria
    AU  - Nuhu George Obaje
    AU  - Umar Zaki Faruq
    AU  - Abdullahi Bomai
    AU  - Sunday Dabai Moses
    AU  - Mohammed Ali
    AU  - Suleiman Adamu
    AU  - Alfred Essien
    AU  - Umar Lamorde
    AU  - Umar Mohammed Umar
    AU  - Toochukwu Ozoji
    AU  - Perpertua Okonkwo
    AU  - Lukman Adamu
    AU  - Abdullahi Idris-Nda
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14
    T2  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    JF  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
    JO  - Petroleum Science and Engineering
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    EP  - 38
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-4516
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.pse.20200401.14
    AB  - The stratigraphy of the Sokoto Basin has the Illo/Gundumi Formation at the bottom, followed successively upward by the Taloka, Dukamaje, Wurno, Dange, Kalambaina, Gamba and GwanduFormations. Re-mapping of the basin carried out in this studyshows that the geological framework remainslargely as previously outlined except that some hitherto unreported tectonically controlled structures have been documented. The basin is generally shallower at the margin and deepens towards the centre such that the areas around the border with Niger Republic are deepest and hence most prospective on the Nigerian side. Geophysical aeromagnetic interpretation has assistedto analyze the depth to basement configurations. Organic geochemical studies show that the dark shales and limestones of the Dukamaje Formation constitute the source rocks in the potential petroleum system. With averages for source rock thickness of 50m, area of basin of 60,000km2, TOC of 7.5wt%, and HI of 212mgHC/gTOC, charge modeling indicates 808.10 million barrels of oil equivalent extractable hydrocarbons in the Sokoto Basin, at current knowledge of the geology and if the appropriate maturity has been attained at deeper sections. The sandstones of the Illo/Gundumi Formation as well as in the Taloka and Wurno Formations and carbonates of the Kalambaina Formation provide potential reservoir packages. The paper shale of the Gamba Formation and the clays of the Gwandu Formation provide regional seals. If the presently mapped tectonic structures are ubiquitous in the whole basin, structural and stratigraphic traps may upgrade the petroleum system. Other petroleum systems may exist in the basin with either or both the Illo/Gundumi and Taloka Formation (s) providing the source and reservoir rocks.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Chair in Basinal Studies, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria

  • PTDF Chair, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Frontier Exploration Services, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Frontier Exploration Services, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Frontier Exploration Services, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Frontier Exploration Services, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Research & Development Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Portharcourt, Nigeria

  • Research & Development Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Portharcourt, Nigeria

  • Department of Geology, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria

  • Department of Geology, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria

  • Department of Earth Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

  • Department of Geology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

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